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The primary role of the Speaker of the House is to preside over the House of Representatives. The speaker is chosen by majority vote of that body, usually along strictly partisan lines. 24Mike Johnson was elected Speaker on October 25, 2023, to fill the vacancy caused by the removal of Speaker McCarthy from the Speakership pursuant to H. Ryan was elected Speaker on October 29, 2015, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Speaker Boehner.
October 2023
Kevin McCarthy has been ousted as speaker of the House. Here's what happens next. - CBS News
Kevin McCarthy has been ousted as speaker of the House. Here's what happens next..
Posted: Thu, 05 Oct 2023 07:00:00 GMT [source]
House of Representatives, who is elected by the majority party to lead the House. The speaker presides over debate, appoints members of select and conference committees, establishes the legislative agenda, maintains order within the House, and administers the oath of office to House members. The individual in this office is second in the line of presidential succession, following the vice president. At the time, he was still the party's No. 2, but longtime GOP leader Bob Michel was retiring, and Gingrich masterminded the "Contract with America" and other media strategies that focused voter anger on the Democrats. Leading his people to the promised land after 40 years in the minority made Gingrich a kind of Moses, but only for a brief moment.
The 118th Congress is off to a historic start. Here's a look at the first day
Ryan also had a strained relationship with then-President Donald Trump, with whom he had a falling out during the fall 2016 campaign. In April 2018, Ryan said he would not serve another term and left as the party was losing its majority that fall. An election for speaker took place on January 3, 2021, at the start of the 117th Congress, two months after the 2020 elections in which Democrats won a slim majority of the seats. An election for speaker took place on January 6, 2009, on the opening day of the 111th Congress, two months after the 2008 elections in which Democrats won a majority of the seats. Nancy Pelosi received a majority of the votes cast and was re-elected speaker. An election for speaker took place on January 4, 2005, on the opening day of the 109th Congress, two months after the 2004 elections in which Republicans won a majority of the seats.
December 1876
In 1997, in his second Congress as speaker, he barely survived a largely covert challenge from within his own leadership team. And just shy of his fourth anniversary in the job, he was voted out by the full House Republican conference in December 1998. Through the long period of Democratic hegemony in the House, the party often bridged its regional divide on what was called the "Boston-Austin axis." The leadership alternated between Southerners and Northerners, often from Massachusetts or Texas. McCormack kept the line going when he acceded to the top job on Rayburn's death.
First, they are the most visible and authoritative spokesperson for the majority party in the House. Speakers articulate an agenda and explain legislative action to other Washington officials as well as the public. They oversee House committee assignments and collaborate with the powerful House Rules Committee to structure floor debate. Jordan or any other Republican speaker candidate can only afford to lose four GOP votes when the House votes for speaker, if all members are voting, because winning a speaker vote requires a majority of the full House.
January 1957
In 1997, several Republican congressional leaders tried to force Speaker Newt Gingrich to resign. However, Gingrich refused since that would have required a new election for speaker, which could have led to Democrats along with dissenting Republicans voting for Democrat Dick Gephardt (then minority leader) as speaker. After the 1998 midterm elections where the Republicans lost seats, Gingrich did not stand for re-election. The next two figures in the House Republican leadership hierarchy, Majority Leader Richard Armey and Majority Whip Tom DeLay chose not to run for the office.
House Republicans spar over Speaker decision as McCarthy fights to secure votes
His rank and file demanded confrontation with Clinton, which resulted in government shutdowns in late 1995 and early 1996. These backfired, helping Clinton revive his own popularity and win a second term, while Republicans saw their margin of control narrow in the House. In 1997, several members of Gingrich's leadership team were involved in an abortive coup d'etat against him.
Paul Davis Ryan (born January 29, 1970) is an American politician who served as the 54th speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 2015 to 2019. A member of the Republican Party, he was the vice presidential nominee in the 2012 election with Mitt Romney, but they lost to incumbent President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden. In 1989 Speaker Jim Wright of Texas resigned under pressure following revelations about a book deal the House Ethics Committee saw as circumventing fundraising rules. Longworth's successor, John "Cactus Jack" Garner of Texas, left the office after just over a year to be Franklin Roosevelt's first vice president. Ryan, then just 45, was the youngest speaker in nearly 150 years but had already been party's vice presidential nominee on the 2012 ticket. Once he had Boehner's job, however, he experienced much the same internal strife.
The GOP won big that year behind the Electoral College landslide of Ronald Reagan, taking control of the Senate and gaining enough seats in the House to give Reagan a working majority of Republicans and conservative Democrats. Northern and liberal Democrats became frustrated with O'Neill in subsequent years, even as O'Neill's comfy personal relationship with Reagan enabled a modus operandi between the branches. O'Neill finished a full decade in power before retiring in declining health after the 1986 elections had restored Democratic control in the Senate. Though it holds immense power, the House speakership seems like the worst job in Washington these days. Current Speaker John Boehner wants to leave, but after House Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy suddenly dropped out of the contest, it could be anybody's race.
If all Democrats vote for the Democratic leader, Rep. Hakeem Jeffries of New York, that means Republicans must find 218 votes from their conference for whomever they put up. On the other hand, when the speaker and the president belong to opposite parties, the public role and influence of the speaker tend to increase. As the highest-ranking member of the opposition party (and de facto leader of the opposition), the speaker is normally the chief public opponent of the president's agenda. In this scenario, the speaker is known for undercutting the president's agenda by blocking measures by the minority party or rejecting bills by the Senate.
In the early months of his speakership, he negotiated with the White House over budget compromises that might be acceptable to both parties. But when he brought a version of his "grand bargain" to his troops, they rebelled. When time came to raise the debt ceiling, to accommodate new borrowing to pay for longstanding U.S. obligations, the House balked.
His predecessor, Frederick Gillett of Massachusetts, also had the top job for less than five years. But when he left after the 1924 session, his party was still firmly in control and had just elected President Calvin Coolidge to a full term. The next two Republican speakers would be John Boehner, elevated to the job by the GOP recapture of the House in the "Tea Party" election of 2010. Boehner worked hard to fashion budget deals with both a Democratic President Barack Obama and a Democratic Senate. But his efforts alienated some in his own ranks who in 2015 formed an insurgent group known as the House Freedom Caucus. Increasingly exasperated with his untenable predicament, Boehner simply resigned in October of that year.
An election for speaker took place on November 9, 1903, at the start[c] of the 58th Congress following the 1902 elections in which Republicans won a majority of the seats. An election for speaker took place on December 1, 1873, at the start of the 43rd Congress, following the 1872–73 elections in which Republicans won a majority of the seats. James G. Blaine received a majority of the votes cast and was re-elected speaker.
He was chairman of the Rules Committee and he determined which bills and amendments would be allowed on the floor and which members would be permitted to speak. McCarthy had resisted this as it would essentially put his job on the line on a daily, even hourly, basis. But in his last rounds of attempting to secure votes, he was reported to have given in even on this issue. For some of McCarthy's critics, a major motivation has been the decentralization of authority in the chamber. They want less reliance on the leadership and more empowerment of the committee chairs.
Prior to the GOP's 40-year sentence as the minority party, several of its speakers had risen to the top rung largely on their personal popularity among their colleagues. One was Joseph Martin of Massachusetts, who led the party in the House during two brief interludes of majority status after World War II. Both lasted only the minimum two years, the first ending with Democratic Harry S. Truman's surprise White House win in 1948. Martin was back four years later when Eisenhower was first elected president in 1952, but that tour at the top was cut short by his party's sharp losses two years later. Like Johnson an era later, Hastert was a relatively quiet member of the leadership who enjoyed goodwill generally in the rank and file.
But this time around several Democrats have indicated they would cross the aisle to support Johnson and frustrate Greene & Co. if it came to a vote. Democratic leaders have indicated they are open to this, and it essentially repeats the strategy that allowed Johnson to pass the Ukraine portion of the aid bill earlier this month. Two colleagues had spoken up to say they would join Greene in such a vote, giving her enough to defeat the speaker if all the chamber's Democrats voted to do the same. That's what the Democrats did when a motion to vacate the chair ousted the last Republican speaker, Kevin McCarthy, last fall. The first official building housing the offices of House members was opened in 1908 and called the House Office Building. It stands as a monument both to the preeminence of the speakership and the impermanence of power.
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